ʻO ke kumukūʻai ohuila titaniumaia ma waena o $200 a me $400 no ka kilo, ʻoiai ʻo ke kumu kūʻai o ka pūʻali koa titanium ʻoi aku ka pālua. No laila, he aha ka titanium? No ke aha ke kumu kūʻai nui ma hope o ke kāwili ʻana?
ʻO ka mea mua, e hoʻomaopopo kākou i ke kumu o ka titanium. Loaʻa ka Titanium mai ka ilmenite, rutile a me ka perovskite. He metala keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. Ma muli o ke ʻano hana o ka titanium a me nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka ke hana i ka nui o ka titanium no ka manawa lōʻihi, no laila ua helu ʻia ʻo ia he metala "rare".
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻike nā kānaka i ka titanium ma 1791, akā ʻo ka mea muatitanium maʻemaʻei hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1910, a ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki. ʻO ke kumu nui ka hana nui o ka titanium i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a maʻalahi e hui pū me ka oxygen, nitrogen, carbon a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Pono ia i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e unuhi i ka titanium maʻemaʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ua ulu ka hana titanium o Kina mai 200 tons i ke kenekulia i hala a hiki i 150,000 tons i kēia manawa, i kēia manawa ke kūlana mua ma ka honua. No laila, ma hea kahi e hoʻohana nui ʻia ai ka titanium i ke kumukūʻai?
1. Nā hana hana Titanium.He kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ka Titanium a he kūpaʻa i ka corrosion, ʻoi aku ka oxidizable a me ka waihoʻoluʻu. He hopena hoʻonaninani maikaʻi loa a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ke gula maoli, no laila ua hoʻohana ʻia ia e pani i ke gula maoli no nā seramika hana, nā hale kahiko a me nā hale hana kahiko, nā papa inoa waho, etc.
2. Nā mea nani Titanium.Ua komo mālie ʻo Titanium i ko mākou ola. ʻO kekahi mau mea nani i hana ʻia me ka titanium maʻemaʻe a nā kaikamahine i kēia manawa. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia ʻano mea hoʻonaninani hou ʻo ke olakino, palekana a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻopuka i nā mea ʻino i ka ʻili a me ke kino o ke kanaka, a ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he "mea nani ʻōmaʻomaʻo".
3. Makaaniani Titanium. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka Titanium e pale aku i ka deformation ma mua o ke kila, akā ʻo kona kaumaha he hapalua wale nō o ka nui like o ke kila. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o nā aniani Titanium mai nā aniani metala maʻamau, akā he māmā maoli lākou a ʻoluʻolu, me ka hoʻopā ʻana a me ka maʻalahi, me ka ʻole o ke anuanu o nā aniani metala ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka māmā o nā papa Titanium ma mua o nā papa metala maʻamau, ʻaʻole e hoʻololi ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohana lōʻihi, a ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka maikaʻi.
4. Ma ke kahua o ka aerospace, Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka nui o nā kila ma luna o nā mea lawe mokulele i kēia manawa, rockets, a me nā missiles me nā alloys titanium. Ua hana kekahi poʻe i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua me nā pā kila a me nā alloys titanium, no ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka deformation a me ke kaumaha māmā. I ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia he ʻano ʻokoʻa iki nā hunaahi i hana ʻia e ka titanium. ʻO ka pā kila he gula, ʻoiai he keʻokeʻo nā ʻōlinolino o ka titanium alloy. ʻO ka mea nui kēia ma muli o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i hana ʻia e ka titanium alloy i ka wā o ke kaʻina ʻoki. Hiki iā ia ke ʻā wale i ka lewa a hoʻokuʻu i nā ʻālohilohi, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o kēia mau ʻulaʻula ma mua o nā pā kila kila, no laila ua hoʻohana ʻia ka pauda titanium e like me ka wahie rocket.
Wahi a nā helu helu, ʻoi aku ma mua o 1,000 tons o ka titanium i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻokele honua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana e like me nā mea lewa, hoʻohana ʻia ka titanium e hana i nā submarine. I kekahi manawa, ua hoʻokomo kekahi i ka titanium i lalo o ke kai, a ua ʻike ʻo ia ʻaʻole ia i ʻene ʻia i ka wā i lawe ʻia ai i waho i ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope, no ka mea, ʻo ka nui o ka titanium he 4.5 grams wale nō, a ʻo ka ikaika o ke kenimika cubic ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma waena o nā metala. a hiki ke pale aku i 2,500 ea o ke kaomi. No laila, hiki i nā submarine titanium ke holo i ke kai hohonu o 4,500 mika, aʻo nā submarine kila maʻamau hiki ke luʻu a hiki i 300 mika.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka titanium he waiwai a me ka waihoʻoluʻu, anā huila titaniumua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a ua hoʻohana ʻia i ka dentistry, plastic surgery, heart valves, medical equipment, etc. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai o kēia manawa o nā huahana titanium ma ka mākeke, kahi e noho mamao ai nā mea kūʻai aku. No laila, he aha ke kumu o kēia kūlana?
He paʻakikī loa ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai titanium. Hoʻopuehu ʻia ka māhele ʻana o nā mines one ilmenite ma koʻu ʻāina, a haʻahaʻa ka ʻike o nā kumu waiwai titanium. Ma hope o nā makahiki o ka mining a me ka hoʻohana ʻana, ua ʻeli ʻia nā kumu waiwai kiʻekiʻe a me ka nui, akā no ka mea, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana ma luna o ka mining civila, paʻakikī ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hoʻomohala nui a me ka hoʻohana ʻana.
He ikaika loa ka noi no ka titanium. Ma ke ʻano he ʻano mea metala hou, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka titanium i ka aerospace, ke kūkulu ʻana, ka moana, ka ikehu nuklea a me ka uila. Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka ikaika ʻāina ākea o koʻu ʻāina, ua hōʻike pū ka ʻai ʻana i ka titanium i kahi ulu wikiwiki.
ʻAʻole lawa ka mana hana titanium. I kēia manawa, liʻiliʻi wale nā ʻāina ʻenehana i ka honua e hiki ke hana i ka titanium.
He paʻakikī ka hana Titanium.
Mai ka sponge titanium a hiki i ka titanium ingots, a laila i nā papa titanium, pono nā kaʻina hana. ʻOkoʻa ka hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka titanium mai ke kila. Pono e hoʻomalu i ka helu hoʻoheheʻe, ka uila a me ka manawa, a e hōʻoia i ka paʻa o ka haku mele. Ma muli o ka nui a me ka paʻakikī o nā kaʻina hana, paʻakikī hoʻi ka hana.
He palupalu ka titanium maʻemaʻe a ʻaʻole kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana e like me nā huahana titanium. No laila, pono e hoʻohui ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai metala. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka titanium-64, ka mea maʻamau i ka ʻoihana mokulele, pono e hoʻohui i ka nui o nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kāna mau mea metala.
Hoʻoikaika ikaika ka Titanium me nā halogens, oxygen, sulfur, carbon, nitrogen a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. No laila, pono e hana ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka titanium i loko o kahi lewa a i ʻole inert e pale aku ai i ka contamination.
ʻO ka Titanium he metala ikaika, akā maikaʻi ʻole kona conductivity wela, kahi mea paʻakikī ke wili me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
I ka hōʻuluʻuluʻana, he nui nā kumu e pili ana i ke kumukūʻai o nā'āpana titanium, e like me ka waiwai moʻomeheu, koi, pilikia hana, a me nā mea'ē aʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-02-2025